A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• fabrication of functional gold nanostructures for application in plasmonic and detector technology, we conducted a comprehensive study on [Au(CH3)2Cl]2 as a potential precursor for such depositions. Fundamental electron-induced dissociation processes were studied under single collision conditions, and the

• ; quantum chemical calculation; ultrahigh vacuum; Introduction In recent years, gold nanostructures have received much attention owing to their dielectric properties [1], their biocompatibility [2], and their electrical properties [3][4], which enable a multitude of exciting applications in the field of

• electron beam energy and current, the substrate material, the environment inside the deposition chamber, and the composition of the precursor [14][15][16][17]. Heretofore, various chemical vapor deposition (CVD) precursors have been applied for FEBID depositions. For gold nanostructures, these include, for

Density functional theory study of Au-fcc/Ge and Au-hcp/Ge interfaces

• Olga Sikora,
• Małgorzata Sternik,
• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Franciszek Krok,
• Przemysław Piekarz and
• Andrzej M. Oleś

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1093–1105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.90

• , Poland 10.3762/bjnano.14.90 Abstract In recent years, nanostructures with hexagonal polytypes of gold have been synthesised, opening new possibilities in nanoscience and nanotechnology. As bulk gold crystallizes in the fcc phase, surface effects can play an important role in stabilizing hexagonal gold

• nanostructures. Here, we investigate several heterostructures with Ge substrates, including the fcc and hcp phases of gold that have been observed experimentally. We determine and discuss their interfacial energies and optimized atomic arrangements, comparing the theory results with available experimental data

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• to control the nanoscale architecture makes them a great choice for biomedical applications [49][50]. Gold nanostructures such as spheres, rods, stars, shells, and cages are often used as photothermal agents [51][52]. The surface plasmon resonance frequency of gold nanomaterials can be easily

• nanorods, gold nanostars have interesting properties because of their asymmetric spiky structure and narrow LSPR peaks [60]. Depciuch et al. synthesized three different gold nanostructures (spheres, rods, and bone-like rod structures) and compared their SPR peaks and their PCE properties. Though the SPR

• peaks were in the same wavelength range, the temperature increase was different (Figure 6A). It was also found that the bone-like structure produced the highest temperature of about 70 °C with 33% photo conversion efficiency [61]. Another fascinating class of gold nanostructures are branched or star

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• may be due to the introduction of gold nanostructures. Previous studies showed that GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 permeate well into cells [48][57][58]. Cytotoxicity studies of nanomaterials are important to determine the effects of different components of the nanostructure [59][60]. The cytotoxicity of GSH-Rh6G2

Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO₂ and TeO₂ thin films doped by Eu³⁺ for optoelectronic applications

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Jakub Czubek,
• Katarzyna Drozdowska,
• Anna Synak,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1271–1278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.94

• thermal annealing of the gold thin film. Thermal dewetting of gold film results in spherical gold nanostructures with average dimensions of 50 nm. Both, luminescent TiO2:Eu and TeO2:Eu films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering from mosaic targets. The morphology of the gold nanostructures was

• candidates as phosphors in white LEDs. Keywords: gold nanostructures; luminescence; plasmon resonance; Introduction The rapid development of optoelectronics leads to challenges in the search for new luminescence materials. Especially the fabrication of white LEDs requires more efficient phosphors

• , so-called plasmonic platforms, and thin films. Among different plasmonic materials, gold nanostructures exhibit resonance in the visible range and have been extensively studied as a material for light absorption and emission improvement [4][5][6][7][8]. Titanium dioxide seems to be one of the most

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• promising application of gold nanostructures with CUR-loaded alginate microgels, which showed photothermal properties. High CUR retention and preferential toxicity against cancerous cells was also shown. The photoactive agent, wavelength, time of exposure, and distance to the light source are important

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

• Victor Deinhart,
• Lisa-Marie Kern,
• Jan N. Kirchhof,
• Sabrina Juergensen,
• Joris Sturm,
• Enno Krauss,
• Thorsten Feichtner,
• Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
• Michael Schneider,
• Dieter Engel,
• Bastian Pfau,
• Bert Hecht,
• Kirill I. Bolotin,
• Stephanie Reich and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

• combined in a straightforward manner, for example, by stacking. Applications of such materials may rely on (coupled) material excitations, such as plasmon polaritons in gold nanostructures [2], on physical properties, such as the exceptionally high mechanical stability of suspended graphene [3], or on

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• field regarding the use of several gold nanostructures, such as nanocages, nanorods, nanostars, and core–shell silver/gold nanoparticles for laser-driven hyperthermal ablation of multi-drug resistant bacteria [52]. Therefore, we will focus here on the latest achievements in this field including the

Nonlinear absorption and scattering of a single plasmonic nanostructure characterized by x-scan technique

• Tushar C. Jagadale,
• Dhanya S. Murali and
• Shi-Wei Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2182–2191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.211

• nonlinearity of a single nanostructure, but also reports surprisingly large plasmonic nonlinearities. Keywords: absorption cross section; laser scanning microscopy; nanoplasmonics; nonlinear absorption; nonlinear scattering; single gold nanostructures; Introduction It is well known that the optical

• profiles. Linear response: Gaussian PSF Spherical gold nanostructures dispersed on a glass surface are examined with the two-channel x-scan method. Figure 2 shows the power-dependent scattering images and the corresponding signal profiles in the low-power region, manifesting linear responses. Figure 2a and

• supporting the linear behavior in this excitation intensity range. Nonlinear response I: saturation of the PSF When we increase the excitation intensity, interesting changes in the shape of the PSF of the single spherical gold nanostructures are observed. Figure 3a and Figure 3b show the backward path and

Time-resolved universal temperature measurements using NaYF₄:Er³⁺,Yb³⁺ upconverting nanoparticles in an electrospray jet

• Kristina Shrestha,
• Arwa A. Alaulamie,
• Ali Rafiei Miandashti and
• Hugh H. Richardson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2916–2924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.270

• depending upon the wavelength of the interrogating light. We have shown that the photoluminescence of erbium ions embedded in a wide-band-gap matrix is temperature-dependent [12] and have used the emission to determine the local temperature of optically excited gold nanostructures at an interface. The

Au–Si plasmonic platforms: synthesis, structure and FDTD simulations

• Anna Gapska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2599–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.241

• different temperatures (up to 600 °C) in air in a hot furnace. A scheme of the formation of the gold nanostructures is shown in Figure 1. To analyze the surface morphology of the samples, a FEI Quanta FEG 250 scanning electron microscope (SEM) operated at 10 kV and an atomic force microscope (AFM) Omicron

• transform them to the proper OmniSim input. As a result, the performed FDTD calculations were based on the precisely experimental formation of gold nanostructures. Nevertheless, it has to be noted, that the Maxwell’s FDTD method is able to give only quantitative results for electromagnetic field

• are seen after thermal annealing at 350 °C (Figure 2f). It is clear that the formation of gold nanostructures on silicon starts below the eutectic temperature where the main force leading to the nanostructures formation is the reduction of the surface energy. This behavior of thin films can be

Interaction-tailored organization of large-area colloidal assemblies

• Silvia Rizzato,
• Elisabetta Primiceri,
• Anna Grazia Monteduro,
• Adriano Colombelli,
• Angelo Leo,
• Maria Grazia Manera,
• Roberto Rella and
• Giuseppe Maruccio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1582–1593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.150

• modelling. A simple 3D model based on finite element analysis was implemented in Comsol Multiphysics software in order to investigate the optical response of single and ordered arrays of different gold nanostructures under the excitation of a uniform p-polarized electromagnetic field. The magnetic

High-contrast and reversible scattering switching via hybrid metal-dielectric metasurfaces

• Jonathan Ward,
• Khosro Zangeneh Kamali,
• Lei Xu,
• Guoquan Zhang,
• Andrey E. Miroshnichenko and
• Mohsen Rahmani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 460–467, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.44

• between silicon and gold structures. It demonstrates the importance of this layer in obtaining different and even reversible behaviour using the exact same silicon and gold nanostructures. Figure 5a demonstrate the case with t = 150 nm, where the heating from 20 °C to 600 °C causes only an enhanced

Direct writing of gold nanostructures with an electron beam: On the way to pure nanostructures by combining optimized deposition with oxygen-plasma treatment

• Domagoj Belić,
• Mostafa M. Shawrav,
• Emmerich Bertagnolli and
• Heinz D. Wanzenboeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2530–2543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.253

• Wien, Gusshausstrasse 27–29, 1040 Vienna, Austria 10.3762/bjnano.8.253 Abstract This work presents a highly effective approach for the chemical purification of directly written 2D and 3D gold nanostructures suitable for plasmonics, biomolecule immobilisation, and nanoelectronics. Gold nano- and

• microstructures can be fabricated by one-step direct-write lithography process using focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID). Typically, as-deposited gold nanostructures suffer from a low Au content and unacceptably high carbon contamination. We show that the undesirable carbon contamination can be

• direct writing of purer gold nanostructures that can enable their future use for demanding applications. Keywords: FEBID; gold nanostructures; oxygen plasma; postdeposition purification; Introduction Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is an additive direct-write method for making complex

Near-infrared-responsive, superparamagnetic Au@Co nanochains

• Varadee Vittur,
• Arati G. Kolhatkar,
• Shreya Shah,
• Irene Rusakova,
• Dmitri Litvinov and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1680–1687, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.168

• arising from the difference between their reduction potentials. Cobalt cores were oxidized by H+ from aqueous HAuCl4 solution until Co nanoparticles were completely consumed, which led to the formation of the hollow gold nanostructures. The surface plasmon resonance of these particles appeared at 628 nm

Near-field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Francesco Fuso,
• Ruggero Micheletto,
• Makoto Naruse,
• Francesco Tantussi and
• Maria Allegrini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 956–967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.97

• , we obtain and plot the local enhancement parameter, Γ, for a wide variety of patterned surfaces. In particular, we will focus on a specific class of gold nanostructures featuring a rippled surface (which have already demonstrated their potential as SERS substrates) as well as their nonlinear optical

Fabrication of black-gold coatings by glancing angle deposition with sputtering

• Alan Vitrey,
• Rafael Alvarez,
• Alberto Palmero,
• María Ujué González and
• José Miguel García-Martín

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 434–439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.46

• properties of gold nanostructures are dominated by the existence of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), and that these LSPRs induce enhanced scattering, it is reasonable to assume that such low reflectance is due to the combined effect of the LSPRs and the light trapping associated with multiple

Comparison of four methods for the biofunctionalization of gold nanorods by the introduction of sulfhydryl groups to antibodies

• Xuefeng Wang,
• Zhong Mei,
• Yanyan Wang and
• Liang Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 372–380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.39

• GNR biofunctionalization and can be easily extended to other sensing applications based on other gold nanostructures or new biomolecules. Keywords: biofunctionalization; biosensing; four methods; gold nanorod; introduction of sulfhydryl groups; Introduction Gold nanorods (GNRs) are widely used in

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• on nanopatterned ECM-mimicking surfaces was evaluated [251]. For this, the authors applied an array of biofunctionalized gold nanostructures. The gold nanoparticles on these surfaces have a diameter of 8 nm and had interparticle spacings of 40 nm or 90 nm and were conjugated with a RGD-peptide or a

Dealloying of gold–copper alloy nanowires: From hillocks to ring-shaped nanopores

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Cyril Delacôte,
• Mohammed Boujtita,
• Benoit Angleraud,
• Junjun Ding,
• Chang-Hwan Choi,
• Pierre-Yves Tessier and
• Abdel-Aziz El Mel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1361–1367, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.127

• size and shape coupled to the alignment and periodic organization of the nanowires is expected to promote the SERS effect originating from such gold nanostructures. Experimental Nanopatterned substrates The nanopatterned silicon substrates used as a template to grow the nanowires were prepared using a

The role of morphology and coupling of gold nanoparticles in optical breakdown during picosecond pulse exposures

• Yevgeniy R. Davletshin and
• J. Carl Kumaradas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 869–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.79

• laser pulse interaction with the gold nanostructures, Qrh [49]. Heat transfer (HT) The temperature produced by heat sources due to plasma formation [28], laser pulse interaction and thermal diffusion was solved in all domains outside of the nanoparticles, except the PMLs (Figure 1). The HT model was

Templated green synthesis of plasmonic silver nanoparticles in onion epidermal cells suitable for surface-enhanced Raman and hyper-Raman scattering

• Marta Espina Palanco,
• Klaus Bo Mogensen,
• Marina Gühlke,
• Zsuzsanna Heiner,
• Janina Kneipp and
• Katrin Kneipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 834–840, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.75

• also environmentally friendly processes. Very popular preparation methods of silver and gold nanostructures are based on bottom-up processes, where nanoparticles, are built from smaller structures such as metal ions. Sodium citrate and sodium borohydride are very common reducing chemicals for metal

• were ready for optical experiments. In order to also explore the potential formation of gold nanostructures in onion layers and for a comparison between green preparation of silver and gold nanostructures, the same sample preparation was applied using aqueous chloroauric acid, HAuCl4 (10−3 M, Sigma

• reduction of AgNO3 than for the reduction of HAuCl4. In the following, we check silver and gold nanostructures grown in onion cell layers regarding their capability as field-enhancing plasmonic structures. SERS tests on onion layer–gold samples as shown for example in Figure 3 using 633 and 785 nm

Hemolysin coregulated protein 1 as a molecular gluing unit for the assembly of nanoparticle hybrid structures

• Tuan Anh Pham,
• Andreas Schreiber,
• Elena V. Sturm (née Rosseeva),
• Stefan Schiller and
• Helmut Cölfen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 351–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.32

• gold nanostructures such as nanorods [24] and chains of gold spheres [25]. It is remarkable that the longitudinal resonance peak is only observed for the Au NP sample with 2 equiv Hcp1_cys3 and not for the citrate-stabilized initial Au NPs. This shows that the formation of the larger linear assemblies

Orthogonal chemical functionalization of patterned gold on silica surfaces

• Francisco Palazon,
• Didier Léonard,
• Thierry Le Mogne,
• Francesca Zuttion,
• Céline Chevalier,
• Magali Phaner-Goutorbe,
• Éliane Souteyrand,
• Yann Chevolot and
• Jean-Pierre Cloarec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2272–2277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.233

• immobilize proteins onto gold nanostructures on a silica substrate, as demonstrated by atomic force microscopy (AFM). These results are especially promising in the development of future biosensors where the selective anchoring of target molecules onto nanostructured transducers (e.g., nanoplasmonic

• biotinylated thiols and antifouling PEG/silanes. A similar approach was already used to direct the immobilization of streptavidin-coated nanoparticles [31] onto the gold nanostructures. Here, “single” (i.e., not adsorbed on beads) proteins were immobilized as shown in Figure 5. Conclusion The orthogonal

• to 100 µm. Electron beam lithography was used to develop the gold nanostructures (typical dimensions of 100 nm). Titanium (8 nm) and gold (30 nm) were deposited by electron beam evaporation. After lift-off, the samples were cleaned by oxygen plasma treatment (Anatech) at 400 sccm of oxygen, 350 W of

Optimized design of a nanostructured SPCE-based multipurpose biosensing platform formed by ferrocene-tethered electrochemically-deposited cauliflower-shaped gold nanoparticles

• Wicem Argoubi,
• Maroua Saadaoui,
• Sami Ben Aoun and
• Noureddine Raouafi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1840–1852, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.187

• fractal gold nanostructures for electrodes endowed with very large surface areas useful for the sensitive detection of apolipoprotein E, which is a protein biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease [18]. The preparation of the platforms was achieved in a straightforward manner in few steps. Firstly, home-prepared

• a protein layer can be expected to transduce the recognition event between the antibody and the corresponding antigen (Ag). As it was described above, this method can be used for the straightforward preparation of bioelectrodes. In this case, the direct deposition of gold nanostructures allowed us

• inset shows the linear range curve). We can speculate that the current increase is due to a larger protein layer that induces an increase of the electron-transfer rate from the ferrocene to the electrode surface through the highly conductive gold nanostructures. The antigen forms a third layer over the